Stainless steel · EN 10088-2

1.4401 (316)

Also known as: 1.4401, 316, X5CrNiMo17-12-2

Full datasheet

Overview

Molybdenum-bearing austenitic stainless 1.4401 / 316 with improved pitting resistance versus 304 in chloride environments.

Typical supply: Sheet, plate, tube, bar, fasteners

Mechanical Properties

Young's modulus E193 GPa
Shear modulus G74.8 GPa
Yield / proof Re220 MPa
Ultimate Rm530 MPa
Poisson's ratio ν0.29
Shear strength318 MPa
Bearing strength440 MPa

Thermal Properties

Thermal expansion α16 µm/(m·K)
Thermal conductivity k15 W/(m·K)
Specific heat500 J/(kg·K)
Melting / solidus2e+3 K (1e+3 °C)

For temperature derating, open Temperature Properties.

Physical Properties

Density ρ8e+3 kg/m³
Specific strength Sy/ρ2.75e+4 Pa·m³/kg
Specific stiffness E/ρ2.41e+7 Pa·m³/kg

Typical supply: Sheet, plate, tube, bar, fasteners

Density ~8000 kg/m³. Sheet, plate, tube, bar, fasteners.

Applications

  • Marine fittings (splash zone)
  • Pharmaceutical and chemical equipment
  • Pulp and paper
  • Outdoor architectural hardware

Advantages

  • Improved chloride pitting resistance vs 304 (Mo-bearing)
  • Proven for food, pharma, and chemical equipment
  • Good toughness and weldability for austenitic stainless

Limitations

  • Higher cost than 304
  • Limited for continuous seawater immersion vs duplex / higher alloys
  • Work-hardens rapidly in machining

Standards

  • EN 10088-2 — Stainless steels — sheet/plate/strip
  • ASTM A240 — Stainless plate, sheet, and strip

Equivalent Materials

Compare with these grades →

Electrical Properties

Resistivity7.400e-7 Ω·m
Conductivity2.3 % IACS

Chemical Composition

ElementMin wt%Max wt%Typical wt%
C—0.07—
Si—1—
Mn—2—
P—0.045—
S—0.015—
Cr16.518.517
Ni101311
Mo22.52.1
N—0.1—

Typical / limit values for reference selection only — verify against mill certs for certified work.

Machinability

Similar to 304; work-hardens rapidly — rigid setups required.

Cost

Higher than 304 due to Mo and Ni content.

Corrosion

Better pitting resistance (PREN) than 304; still limited for continuous seawater immersion.

  • Indoor / foodexcellent
  • Marine atmospheregood
  • Chloride process fluidsgood
  • Seawater immersedfair

For allowance / life screening, open Corrosion Allowance.